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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">spractice</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Хирургическая практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surgical practice (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-2427</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АНО "Консорциум "Медицинская техника"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5922/2223-2427-2025-10-1-2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">spractice-547</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патоморфологические особенности слизистой желудка в условиях желудочно-кишечного кровотечения на фоне COVID-ассоциированной пневмонии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>COVID-associated pathomorphological changes in the gastric mucosa during gastrointestinal bleeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5769-5091</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хоробрых</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khorobrykh</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Витальевна Хоробрых – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, профессор РАН, заведующий кафедрой факультетской хирургии №2 им. Г.И. Лукомского</p><p>119991, Москва, Большая Пироговская ул., 2, стр. 4;</p><p>119048, Москва, Доватора ул., 15, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Khorobrykh – Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of the Faculty Surgery Clinic №2 named after G.I. Lukomsky</p><p>Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 2, B. 4, Moscow, 119991;</p><p>Dovatora Str., 15, B. 2, Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">khorobrykh_t_v@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5851-2768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проценко</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Protsenko</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Дмитриевич Проценко – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент института клинической морфологии и цифровой патологии</p><p>119991, Москва, Большая Пироговская ул., 2, стр. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry D. Protsenko – Associate Professor of the Institute of Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology</p><p>Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 2, B. 4, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">protsenko_d_d@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4324-4470</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каммаев</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kammaev</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Керим Абдурахманович Каммаев – врач-эндоскопист</p><p>119991, Москва, Большая Пироговская ул., 2, стр. 4;</p><p>119048, Москва, Доватора ул., 15, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kerim A. Kammaev – Endoscopist</p><p>Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 2, B. 4, Moscow, 119991;</p><p>Dovatora Str., 15, B. 2, Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kerim.kammaev95@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3839-3287</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петровская</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrovskaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Алексеевна Петровская – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры факультетской хирургии №2 им. И.Г. Лукомского</p><p>119991, Москва, Большая Пироговская ул., 2, стр. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra A. Petrovskaya – Associate Professor of the Department of Faculty Surgery №2 named after I.G. Lukomsky</p><p>Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 2, B. 4, Moscow, 119991;</p><p>Dovatora Str., 15, B. 2, Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrovskaya_a_a@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8865-1267</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Юрьевна Крылова – старший лаборант кафедры факультетской хирургии №2 им. И.Г. Лукомского</p><p>119991, Москва, Большая Пироговская ул., 2, стр. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina Y. Krylova - Senior laboratory assistant at the Department of Faculty Surgery №2 named after I.G. Lukomsky</p><p>Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 2, B. 4, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krylova_m_yu@staff.sechenov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5135-4058</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сентюрина</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sentyurina</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арина Максимовна Сентюрина – студент Института Клинической Медицины им. Н.В.Склифосовского</p><p>119991, Москва, Большая Пироговская ул., 2, стр. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arina M. Sentyurina – student of N.V.Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 2, B. 4, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kozloff.arina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3758-1107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саакян</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saakyan</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асмик Кареновна Саакян – студент Института Клинической Медицины им. Н.В.Склифосовского</p><p>119991, Москва, Большая Пироговская ул., 2, стр. 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asmik K. Saakyan – student of N.V.Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>Bolshaya Pirogovskaya Str., 2, B. 4, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Asmik.saakyan@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сеченовский Университет; Университетская клиническая больница №4 Сеченовского Университета</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov University; University Clinical Hospital № 4 of Sechenov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сеченовский Университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сеченовский Университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sechenov University; University Clinical Hospital № 4 of Sechenov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хоробрых Т.В., Проценко Д.Д., Каммаев К.А., Петровская А.А., Крылова М.Ю., Сентюрина А.М., Саакян А.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хоробрых Т.В., Проценко Д.Д., Каммаев К.А., Петровская А.А., Крылова М.Ю., Сентюрина А.М., Саакян А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khorobrykh T.V., Protsenko D.D., Kammaev K.A., Petrovskaya A.A., Krylova M.Y., Sentyurina A.M., Saakyan A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.spractice.ru/jour/article/view/547">https://www.spractice.ru/jour/article/view/547</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Анализ доступных морфологических изменений слизистой оболочки желудочно-кишечного тракта, развившихся на фоне COVID-19-ассоциированной пневмонии, и приводящих к кровотечениям.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование было включено 72 случая обнаружения эрозивно-язвенного гастродуоденального кровотечения на фоне осложненной Covid-пневмонии. Пациенты находились на лечении в Университетской Клинической Больнице №4 Первого Московского Государственного Медицинского Университета (ПМГМУ) им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовского Университета) с апреля 2020 года по март 2022 года.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При морфологическом исследовании биоптатов из желудочно-кишечного тракта были получены доказательства как прямого, так и опосредованного воздействия вируса SARS-CoV2 на клетки слизистой желудочно-кишечного тракта. Проводимая антикоагулянтная и противовоспалительная терапия помогает в разрешении «тромбовоспалительного синдрома». Однако, нарастающая кислородная задолженность тканей в сочетании с внешними неблагоприятными факторами, влияющими на микроциркуляцию в стенке желудка (терапия антикоагулянтами и НПВС), могут совместно приводить к интерстициальному отеку и нарастанию ишемии. Ухудшение кровоснабжения слизистой оболочки желудка и снижение регенераторной активности эпителиальных клеток приводит к формированию прогрессирующей язвенной деструкции у всех пациентов.</p><p>У 53 пациентов изменения слизистой оболочки возникли на фоне ослабления факторов защиты, где первичное обеднение кровотока являлось возможной первопричиной язвообразования. Кровотечениями чаще осложнялись острые язвы у пациентов без язвенного анамнеза 55,5% против 40,6%, хотя у пациентов с язвенным анамнезом язвы были достоверно глубже 75% против 25%.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Слизистая желудка у больных COVID-19 подвергается воздействию вируса, что приводит к эрозивно-язвенным ее изменениям, приводящим к кровотечению. Этому одновременно способствует антикоагулянтная и противовоспалительная терапия, проводящаяся таким больным. Указанные осложнения необходимо предвидеть и своевременно предотвращать.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Analysis of morphological changes in the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract that developed against the background of COVID-19-associated pneumonia, accompanied by bleeding.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The study included 72 cases of erosive and ulcerative gastroduodenal bleeding with complicated Covid-pneumonia. The patients were treated at the University Clinical Hospital No. 4 of Sechenov Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University) from April 2020 to March 2022.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Morphological examination of biopsies from the gastrointestinal tract has provided irrefutable evidence of both direct and indirect effects of the SARS-CoV2 virus on cells of the gastrointestinal mucosa.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The gastric mucosa in COVID-19 patients is exposed to the virus, which leads to erosive and ulcerative changes in it, leading to bleeding. This is simultaneously facilitated by anticoagulant and anti-inflammatory therapy given to such patients. These complications must be anticipated and prevented in a timely manner.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Желудочно-кишечные кровотечения</kwd><kwd>патоморфологический субстрат осложнений Covid-19</kwd><kwd>ишемия слизистой оболочки желудка</kwd><kwd>язвы желудка</kwd><kwd>рецепторы АПФ2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Gastrointestinal bleeding</kwd><kwd>pathomorphological features of Covid-19</kwd><kwd>ischemia of the gastric mucosa</kwd><kwd>stomach ulcers</kwd><kwd>APF2 receptors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bortolotti D, Simioni C, Neri LM, Rizzo R, Semprini CM, Occhionorelli S, Laface I, Sanz JM, Schiuma G, Rizzo S, Varano G, Beltrami S, Gentili V, Gafà R, Passaro A. Relevance of VEGF and CD147 in different SARS-CoV-2 positive digestive tracts characterized by thrombotic damage. 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