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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">spractice</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Хирургическая практика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surgical practice (Russia)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2223-2427</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АНО "Консорциум "Медицинская техника"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38181/2223-2427-2021-4-15-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">spractice-262</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>БОЛЬШОЙ САЛЬНИК – ЛУЧШИЙ ДРУГ ИЛИ ХУДШИЙ ВРАГ ХИРУРГА? ОБЗОР</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>IS A BIG OMENTUM THE SURGEON'S BEST FRIEND OR WORST ENEMY? REVIEW</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2375-7076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Студенова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Studenova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Студенова Елена Алексеевна – поликлиническое отделение</p><p>Ставропольская ул., домовл. 23, корп. 1, 109386, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Studenova – Outpatient department </p><p>Stavropolskaya st., 23/1, 109386, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sychelena.a.93@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЧУЗ «Клиническая больница «РЖД-Медицина» им. Н.А. Семашко»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Private Institution of Healthcare "Russian Railways Medicine Clinical Hospital N.A. Semashko"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Студенова Е.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Студенова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Studenova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.spractice.ru/jour/article/view/262">https://www.spractice.ru/jour/article/view/262</self-uri><abstract><p>Интерес хирургов к большому сальнику связан с уникальным сочетанием таких функций, как пластичность, иммунной защиты, барьерной, гормональной, ангиогенеза и регенерации для прилегающих тканей, реабсорбции, гемостатической, терморегуляции. Целью данного обзора явились отслеживание исторически изменяющейся позиции по операциям с применением большого сальника в абдоминальной, торакальной хирургии, реконструктивно-пластической хирургии, анализ аспектов использования и спорных вопросов оментизации линии анастамозов и оментопластики в современных условиях, а также выделение перспективных направлений использования большого сальника в медицине в источниках отечественных и зарубежных баз данных до июля 2021 года. Приведены сведения о негативных последствиях оментэктомии – снижение местной и общей иммунорезистентности, развитие спаечной болезни, возрастание числа послеоперационных гнойновоспалительных осложнений. Полезным для хирурга является возможность использования большого сальника в нестандартных и технически сложных случаях. Описаны ситуации, в которых радикальное отношение к большому сальнику оправдано – перекрут пряди сальника, метастазирование, спаечный процесс, оментит, ущемление в грыжах, осложнения со стороны лоскута на ножке. Анализ литературы выявил неоднозначные результаты оментизации и оментопластики, что говорит о необходимости проведения рандомизированных исследований в данной области, разработки клинических рекомендаций к данным операциям с описанием четких показаний и методик проведения. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The interest of surgeons in the greater omentum is associated with a unique combination of such functions as plasticity, immune defense, barrier, hormonal, angiogenesis and regeneration for adjacent tissues, reabsorption, hemostatic, thermoregulation. The purpose of this review was to track the historically changing position of operations with the use of the greater omentum in abdominal, thoracic surgery, reconstructive plastic surgery, analyze the aspects of the use and controversial issues of omentization of the anastomoses line and omentoplasty in modern conditions, as well as highlight promising directions for the use of the greater omentum in medicine. in the sources of domestic and foreign databases until July 2021. Information about the negative consequences of omentectomy is given – a decrease in local and general immunoresistance, the development of adhesive disease, an increase in the number of postoperative purulent-inflammatory complications. It is useful for the surgeon to use a large omentum in non-standard and technically difficult cases. Situations are described in which a radical attitude to the greater omentum is justified – torsion of the omentum strand, metastasis, adhesions, omentitis, entrapment in hernias, complications from the pedicle flap. Analysis of the literature revealed ambiguous results of omentization and omentoplasty, which indicates the need for randomized studies in this area, the development of clinical recommendations for these operations with a description of clear indications and methods of carrying out. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>большой сальник</kwd><kwd>оментопластика</kwd><kwd>оментэктомия</kwd><kwd>метастазирование</kwd><kwd>оментит</kwd><kwd>эндокультивация</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reater omentum</kwd><kwd>omentoplasty</kwd><kwd>omentectomy</kwd><kwd>metastasis</kwd><kwd>omentitis</kwd><kwd>endocultivation</kwd><kwd>review</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ходов, Н. А. Клиническая анатомия большого сальника. Журнал Молодой ученый. 2018; 51(237):76-80. 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